Understanding violent extremism – recognising the signs

Changes in identity and thinking are common among young people and are often harmless. However, in some cases, they may signal the influence of more troubling or extreme ideas. 

The reasons why someone may become vulnerable to violent and/or extreme ideas are complex and unique to each person. The reasons may not be related to violent extremism. When someone is isolated, or feeling helpless, they can be more susceptible to exploitation by extremist groups or messaging. Often, there is a combination of factors that may lead someone to become radicalised and turn to violence. 

The most important sign is the sense that something has changed and doesn’t seem right with the person you are concerned about. Family members, friends or others close to the person are best placed to notice any small changes. 

You may see behavioural changes in areas of a person’s life, including their beliefs and ideology, social and family relations and criminal activity. 

Some of the signs listed below may indicate someone is on a path toward violent extremism. However, they could also reflect the behavior of someone experiencing other challenges, such as personal struggles or significant life changes. 

If you think someone may be radicalising towards violence, some signs to look out for include:  

• Being more detached or withdrawn than usual.  
• Viewing and sharing hateful, violent and extremist content.  
• A change in their appearance – where they may align their appearance with the look of a particular extremist group.  
• Isolating from friends or family - pulling away from social activities or school.  
• Showing intense ideological, political or religious interest.  
• Spending excessive time online.  
• Becoming less tolerant of others or other views.  
• Acting with increased aggression. 

These signs or behaviours are often combined with advocating violence or aggressive behaviour to achieve drastic change in society.

It’s important to recognise that having radical or extreme beliefs alone is not considered violent extremism unless the person is also supporting the use of violence to achieve social, political or legal outcomes.

One of the best ways to help someone is to talk to them and find out what could be causing their behaviour to change. Early intervention can be as simple as listening without judgement.  

Feeling accepted and cared for helps people feel a better sense of support and belonging in society.  

It is important to trust your instincts and if you are worried, reach out for advice. 

If you are concerned about someone you know, there is a dedicated team ready to support. 

The Intervention and Support Program

• The Intervention and Support Program is designed to help vulnerable people in the community who may be at risk of harming others or themselves, because of developing radical or extreme views. 
• It focuses on the prevention and early intervention for individuals who may be at risk of causing harm.  
• The team can provide advice and if required, work with the person you are concerned about, their family and community. 
• They will help the person build resilience and support them to disengage from their pathway towards violent extremism.
• To find out more about the program and how to get in touch with the team, visit the Intervention and Support Program page.

See also